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Annuaire et Répertoire des compétences

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Viviani Marco

Viviani Marco

Professeur HES associé

Compétences principales

Béton armé

Structures en béton armé

Structures existantes

Génie civil

Recyclage

Matériaux de construction

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Téléphone: +41 24 557 61 61

Bureau: D27

Haute école d'Ingénierie et de Gestion du Canton de Vaud
Route de Cheseaux 1, 1400 Yverdon-les-Bains, CH
HEIG-VD
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2024

Digital twins in bridge engineering for streamlined maintenance and enhanced sustainability
Article scientifique ArODES

Mattia Franciosi, Michel Kasser, Marco Viviani

Automation in Construction,  2024, 168, Part A, 105834

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Résumé:

Digital twins are evolving to oversee the entire construction life cycle, with a strong emphasis on sustainability across environmental, financial, regulatory, and administrative dimensions. This paper introduces a methodology for managing existing bridges through an adaptable digital twin. The aim of this research is to develop a framework for constructing digital twins that, by enabling structural analysis and “what-if” scenario simulations, supports more reliable maintenance decision-making. Such type of digital twin ensure safety, extend lifespan, and provide a precise database for managing end-of-life processes within a circular “cradle to cradle” framework. This methodology also addresses obsolescence issues related to software evolution and the longer lifespan of a bridge compared to its creator. A case study demonstrates the methodology's effectiveness, showing that digital twins can be flexible, cost-effective tools for managing all types of bridges, including small and existing ones.

Full-scale testing and multiphysics modeling of a reinforced shot-earth concrete vault with self-sensing properties
Article scientifique ArODES

Antonella D'Alessandro, Andrea Meoni, Rubén Rodríguez Romero, Enrique García-Macías, Marco Viviani, Filippo Ubertini

Measurement Science and Technology,  2024, 35, 10, 105116

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Résumé:

Civil constructions significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and entail extensive energy and resource consumption, leading to a substantial ecological footprint. Research into eco-friendly engineering solutions is therefore currently imperative, particularly to mitigate the impact of concrete technology. Among potential alternatives, shot-earth-concrete, which combines cement and earth as a binder matrix and is applied via spraying, emerges as a promising option. Furthermore, this composite material allows for the incorporation of nano and micro-fillers, thereby providing room for enhancing mechanical properties and providing multifunctional capabilities. This paper investigates the damage detection capabilities of a novel smart shot-earth concrete with carbon microfibers, by investigating the strain sensing performance of a full-scale vault with a span of 4 m, mechanically tested until failure. The material's strain and damage sensing capabilities involve its capacity to produce an electrical response (manifested as a relative change in resistance) corresponding to the applied strain in its uncracked state, as well as to exhibit a significant alteration in electrical resistance upon cracking. A detailed multiphysics numerical (i.e. mechanical and electrical) model is also developed to aid the interpretation of the experimental results. The experimental test was conducted by the application of an increasing vertical load at a quarter of the span, while modelling of the element was carried out by considering a piezoresistive material, with coupled mechanical and electrical constitutive properties, including a new law to reproduce the degradation of the electrical conductivity with tensile cracking. Another notable aspect of the simulation was the consideration of the effects of the electrical conduction through the rebars, which was found critical to accurately reproduce the full-scale electromechanical response of the vault. By correlating the outcomes from external displacement transducers with the self-monitoring features inherent in the proposed material, significant insights were gleaned. The findings indicated that the proposed smart-earth composite, besides being well suited for structural applications, also exhibits a distinctive electromechanical behavior that enables the early detection of damage initiation. The results of the paper represent an important step toward the real application of smart earth-concrete in the construction field, demonstrating the effectiveness and feasibility of full-scale strain and damage monitoring even in the presence of steel reinforcement.

Structural design of reinforced earthcrete (ReC) beams
Article scientifique ArODES

Mattia Franciosi, Vincenzo Savino, Luca Lanzoni, Angelo Marcello Tarantino, Marco Viviani

Engineering Structures,  306, 2024, 117739

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Résumé:

This paper presents the results of an extensive experimental campaign aimed at evaluating the feasibility of using steel-reinforced earthen materials for load-bearing structural applications, with a focus on a new category termed "shot-earth". Addressing excavated soil, a major source of construction waste, shot-earth demonstrates remarkable properties, such as notable green strength and reduced water sensitivity. The experimental program includes four-point bending tests on steel-reinforced shot-earth beams, along with pull-out tests to assess the adherence between ribbed steel bars and shot-earth. A flexural design approach, traditionally suited for reinforced concrete, is presented and validated to establish a reliable model for reinforced shot-earth elements in bending state. These findings suggest that leveraging existing models for reinforced concrete can overcome some traditional challenges associated with earth-based constructions, promoting them as a viable and ecological alternative to conventional construction materials.

2023

Changing the approach to sustainable constructions: An adaptive mix-design calibration process for earth composite materials
Article scientifique ArODES

Mattia Franciosi, Vincenzo Savino, Luca Lanzoni, Angelo Marcello Tarantino, Marco Viviani

Composite Structures,  2023, vol. 319, article no. 117143

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Résumé:

One major drawback of excavation earth-based composite construction materials is the variability in excavation earth characteristics from site to site. This variability can affect certain physical properties, and, in turn, the design models used to create a structure. To solve this problem, a methodology has been developed to predict the physical properties of earth-based composites for any mix-design variation, which enables a robust structural design process. This new methodology has been tested for Shot-earth, a new class of earth-based composite material made using high rates of excavation earth, aggregates, and a low rate of stabilization if needed. Shot-earth is placed using a high-speed dry-mix process. The methodology was tested by preparing small, inexpensive specimens through a process that simulates the dry-process used to fabricate Shot-earth in the field. An adaptive technique, used in conjunction with the experimental methodology, allows for the identification of the variant of possible Shot-earth mix-designs that provides optimal physical properties for a specific project. This technique is potentially applicable to any type of earth-based composite. The proposed methodology's reliability enables a fast and cost-effective detailing of Shot-earth constructions.

Shot-earth for an eco-friendly and human-comfortable construction industry
Livre ArODES

Angelo Marcello Tarantino, Franco Cotana, Marco Viviani

2023,  Cham : Springer,  xviii, 142 pages

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Résumé:

This book presents an innovative and environmentally friendly type of excavated earth-based building material, called Shot-Earth. The use of a common excavated earth as a construction material (both for structural and non-structural applications) has many important advantages, the main one being that the soil can be used as a zero kilo and zero cost material, being used in the same place where it is excavated. This volume collects the main results obtained by the research units in the FIRS2019-00245 research project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Research (MUR) and dedicated to the study of Shot-Earth materials. Many of the exposed contributions concern the optimization of the mixture and application technique, which consists in the application of the mixture sprayed on a support (that serves as formwork), with or without reinforcements, by using a pressure pipe (that is by a high-speed projection). This new construction technique allows to quickly realise a variety of structural systems, even with a complex geometry (like vaults, arches, shells, tunnel coatings, underground tanks, waterproofing of walls for landfills and waste storages, slope stabilization, etc.). An additional feature of Shot-Earth is that it can be used to realise high energy-efficient buildings. In particular, this innovative technology can improve the capacity of a building to auto-regulate its interior heat and humidity, increasing indoor environment quality and energy performance and reducing building gas emissions.

2022

Engineering and analyses of a novel Catalan vault
Article scientifique ArODES

Vincenzo Savino, Mattia Franciosi, Marco Viviani

Engineering Failure Analysis,  2023, vol. 143, part. B

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Résumé:

Among the techniques for constructing vaults without formwork, the most popular is the Catalan. The first layer of lightweight tiles called “Rasillas” is assembled to form a predeterminate shape that resist to loads despite its reduced thickness. Until the first layer is completed, a sticky, quick setting mortar supports the terracotta tiles. Once completed, the first layer of the vault acts as a temporary formwork to support the further layers of tiles and then become a part of the structure. This paper presents a numerical analysis of the mechanical behavior of a novel type of Catalan vault made of sustainable raw excavation-earth tiles called “Ecorasillas”. The advantages and drawbacks of the Ecorasilla vaults are highlighted and their performances are compared with a second type of Catalan vault made of clinker bricks. Test results are used to improve the quality of the predictions of the FEM models.

Microstructural, chemical and physical characterisation of the shot-earth 772
Article scientifique ArODES

Sabrina Vantadori, Andrzej Zak, Lukasz Sadowski, Camilla Ronchei, Daniela Scorza, Andrea Zanichelli, Marco Viviani

Construction and Building Materials,  2022, vol. 341, article no. 127766

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Résumé:

The material analysed in the present paper is a specific mixture of the shot-earth (named shot-earth 772) produced by introducing, into a high velocity air stream, 7 parts of excavated soil, 7 parts of aggregates and 2 parts of cement (by volume), and by adding about 3% of water (by volume) at the spraying nozzle. The mixture stream is projected at high velocity onto a surface, where the impact compacts the material. A thorough investigation on the microstructural, chemical and physical properties of the shot-earth 772 is performed.

2021

An auto-calibrating semi-adiabatic calorimetric methodology for strength prediction and quality control of ordinary and ultra-high-performance concretes
Article scientifique ArODES

Marco Viviani, Luca Lanzoni, Vincenzo Savino, Angelo Marcello Tarantino

Materials,  2022, vol. 15, no. 1, article no. 96

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Résumé:

A timely knowledge of concrete and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) strength is possible through the so-called strength-equivalent time (Et) curves. A timely knowledge of concrete strength is useful, for instance, to precisely determine when the shores of a hardening structural element can be safely removed. At the present time, the preparation of the strength-Et curves requires time-consuming and labor-intensive testing prior to the beginning of construction operations. This paper proposes an innovative method to derive the strength-Et and total heat-Et curves for both normal strength and UHPC. Results confirmed that the proposed method is fast, inexpensive, self-calibrating, accurate and can detect any variation of the concrete mix proportions or components quality. In addition, the quality of predictions of strength–maturity curves can be constantly improved as the specimens’ population increases. Finally, results obtained with the proposed method were compared with those obtained using standard methods, showing a good agreement.

2020

Shot-earth for sustainable constructions
Article scientifique ArODES

Andrea Curto, Luca Lanzoni, Angelo Marcello Tarantino, Marco Viviani

Construction and Building Materials,  2020, vol. 239, no. 10, article no. 117775

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Résumé:

Earth has been used worldwide as a building material for centuries and it is still one of the most used construction materials. In many countries the excavated soil is becoming one of the largest construction waste and its disposal is costly and problematic. For this reason, there is a rising interest in employing the excavated soil directly in field, possibly as an added value construction material. In this paper a new type of rammed earth is presented. This new material is based on the shotcrete technology and has been named shot-earth. A mix of stabilized soil, aggregates and water is consolidated by high speed projection rather than by mechanical compaction to obtain both structural and non-structural elements. The first characterization of the physical properties of this material has shown the great potential of this technology.

2019

An extended model to predict the compressive, tensile and flexural strengths of HPFRCs and UHPFRCs :
Article scientifique ArODES
definition and experimental validation

Vincenzo Savino, Luca Lanzoni, Angelo Marcello Tarantino, Marco Viviani

Composites Part B: Engineering,  2019, vol. 163, pp. 681-689

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Résumé:

High manufacturing costs of UHPFRC and expensive and time-consuming tests performed to understand the mechanical response under loading restrict still its wider applications in the field of the structural engineering. Predictive models can be useful to reduce the number of requested tests and to optimize the amount of compounds of the mixture, for example detecting the minimal dosage of fibers necessary to attain a given tensile strength and toughness as well. Currently, not many predictive models do exist and one of the most recent, developed in order to estimate the compressive and tensile responses of HPFRCs, was not notably suitable for UHPFRCs. The main purpose of this work concerns the extension of such a model, in order to predict the mechanical response (in flexion as well) of a given HPFRC/UHPFRC for any change of matrix and fiber properties. Theoretical results were compared with experimental data, thus conforming some shortcomings of the previous model. Once the matrix and fiber properties of a marked UHPFRC were selected, the extended model was used to predict the tensile and flexural bending responses of a full scale UHPFRC structural beam, showing good agreement with the experimental results.

2017

Simple and effective models to predict the compressive and tensile strength of HPFRC as the steel fiber content and type changes
Article scientifique ArODES

Vincenzo Savino, Luca Lanzoni, Angelo Marcello Tarantino, Marco Viviani

Composites Part B: Engineering,  2017, 137, pp. 153-162

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Résumé:

HPFRC/UHPC are today widely applied as repair and reinforcement materials for structures. One of the drawback of commercial HPFRC/UHPC is that any modification of the matrix-fibers mix design, due to the market requirements, affects the mechanical properties of the hardened concrete and therefore the data obtained testing the previous version of the concrete are useless. Prediction models that link the properties of both fibers and matrix to the performances of the hardened concrete are of great practical interest. This paper present a simple and effective model to account for the effect of fibers on the compressive and tensile strengths of HPFRCs as the aspect ratio and volume of fibers changes, extending the range of application of the few existing models.

Product-specific Life Cycle Assessment of ready mix concrete :
Article scientifique ArODES
comparison between a recycled and an ordinary concrete

Annelore Kleijer, Sébastien Lasvaux, Stéphane Citherlet, Marco Viviani

Resources, Conservation and Recycling,  2017, 122, pp. 210-218

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Résumé:

Recycled concrete is one of the most efficient answers to the shortage of natural aggregate in highly populated and protected regions, such as Switzerland. Although the technology has evolved and today a number of certified recycled concretes are available in the ready mix concrete market,there are still many barriers to its use for structural purposes. These are caused by early tests that, analyzing non-optimized or non-commercial products, reached the conclusion that the performances of recycled concrete would not match the ones of ordinary concrete. Furthermore, early studies on the environmental impact of recycled concrete seemed to confirm an identical environmental impact for recycled and ordinary concrete (Viviani 2011 ; Viviani 2014). In this paper, is presented a thorough Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for a commercialized recycled concrete and a commercialized ordinary concrete of the same strength class, both certified, both deeply characterized, showing virtually identical physical and rheological properties and sold at the same price (recycled concrete price being slightly lower than the ordinary). This LCA study shows that recycled concrete is only slightly better than ordinary concrete in terms of greenhouse gases emissions. This difference is yet not enough significant (1%) as well as for the cumulative energy demand (4%). In opposite, it performs better with around 12% less environmental impacts according to the Swiss Ecological Scarcity 2006 Method. So, current actions taken to promote their use are fully in the direction of a more sustainable construction industry if the transportation distance to the construction site is minimized and below e.g., 25 km as recommended in the Swiss Minergie ECO label.

2022

Modern Catalan vaults :
Conférence ArODES
FE analyses and experimental characterization

Andrea Curto, Vincenzo Savino, Marco Viviani

Procedia Structural Integrity ; Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Crack Path,

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Résumé:

Catalan vaults have always been popular in many countries. Architects such as Gaudi have made the Catalan vault a success worldwide. Substantially these vaults are built with bricks such as the “raisilla”, a thin brick that can have a thickness of one centimeter. The basic idea of Catalan vaulting technique is that a center is not necessary because, given the reduced weight of the rasilla and the nature of the mortar used for joints (often rich in gypsum), the first layer of the vault will be quickly assembled and will support the further layers and the workers. While the idea of having the joint of each new layer of the vault rotated of 45 degrees with respect to the previous layer’s joint has generally been kept, in the modern Catalan vault a mesh (steel or composite) it is often introduced, between the two external layers of bricks. This mesh operates by distributing the loads and increasing the strength against the effect of asymmetric or concentrated loads. This paper presents a study made on a new type of Catalan vault made with much thicker and stronger bricks that abandon the idea of rotating the joint direction. The vaults were firstly studied using a FEM model and then specimens of the vaults were tested in compression, flexion and shear. The results obtained were compared with more classical Catalan vault. The results seem to confirm that the Catalan technique is a fast and interesting vaulting method for modern construction.

2018

Towards a "comprehensive" and smart platform for coordinated waste management in construction in Geneva? :
Conférence ArODES
a case study

Damien Varesano, Eric Amos, Bernd Domer, Francine Laferrière, Dario Redaelli, Marco Viviani

Proceedings of 20. Status-Seminar "Forschen für den Bau im Kontext von Energie und Umwelt", Zurich, Switzerland, 6-7 September 2018

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Résumé:

In order to reduce environmental and financial costs caused by construction material flow, web platforms have been created. Their objective is to increase the visibility of materials available on construction sites and promote their reuse. A benchmark of existing national and international platforms - considering functional aspects, effectiveness and how the platform interacts with local construction community - has been established by the research team. Strengths and weaknesses of each analyzed platform have been identified, giving an up-todate picture. The benchmark points out, that no “comprehensive“ platform, providing material exchange services as well as support for a large and strong user community, exists. Such a platform could be enhanced by several features – like linking it to geographical information systems and technical assistance, creating a coordinated waste management among construction sites thereby. The Great Geneva Area has been identified as an ideal location to implement the concept and an action plan has been proposed.

Le vivant et le recyclage des matériaux de chantier, facteurs de résilience environnementale et de lien social
Conférence ArODES

Eric Amos, Bernd Domer, Francine Laferrière, Dario Redaelli, Damien Varesano, Marco Viviani

Proceedings of 20. Status-Seminar "Forschen für den Bau im Kontext von Energie und Umwelt", Zurich, Switzerland, 6-7 September 2018

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Résumé:

L’impact sur le plan social, écologique et économique de la construction d’habitats, de bâtiments administratifs et industriels, d’infrastructures de transport et de loisir et leurs aménagements, n’est plus à démontrer. Épuisement des ressources naturelles, transformation des matériaux, transports, gestion des déchets de chantier et d’excavations, autant de sources d’émissions de GES et d’effets négatifs sur le sol et le paysage qui influent sur la qualité de vie et les perspectives d’avenir de la population, à l’échelle du territoire, de la ville, du quartier. Cette présentation aborde la question de la prise en compte du vivant dans une démarche d’optimisation de la qualité de notre environnement, dimension encore trop souvent sous-estimée dans le processus de la construction et véritable enjeu de ce début de 21e siècle. 1. L’impact écologique : tenir compte du sol, non comme un matériau inerte, socle physique aux seules qualités de support, mais comme un complexe vivant de grande valeur et grande fragilité, rare et indispensable à la végétation et à la gestion des eaux. Le sol fertile se raréfie en milieu bâti, dans la ville en particulier où l’anthroposol et les revêtements imperméables deviennent la règle. 2. L’impact social : Mettre en relation les acteurs du site, une responsabilité sociale. La prise en compte des personnes, habitants actuels et futurs, voisins, la population dans son ensemble et les visiteurs, tous impactés de près ou de loin par les nuisances des travaux, la transformation des lieux, la perte d’éléments repères et à la recherche affirmée et croissante d’une qualité de vie en espace construit.

Réalisations

Sans date

Clima room for concrete ageing testing

 2025 ; Civil engineering testing device

Collaborateurs: Staderini Enrico Maria, Viviani Marco

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