Valorisez vos réalisations phares sur People@HES-SO Plus d'infos
PEOPLE@HES-SO – Annuaire et Répertoire des compétences
PEOPLE@HES-SO – Annuaire et Répertoire des compétences

PEOPLE@HES-SO
Annuaire et Répertoire des compétences

Aide
language
  • fr
  • en
  • de
  • fr
  • en
  • de
  • SWITCH edu-ID
  • Administration
ID
« Retour
Compagnon Raphaël

Compagnon Raphaël

Professeur HES associé

Compétences principales

Physique du bâtiment

Développement durable

Energétique du bâtiment

Energie solaire passive

Linux

  • Contact

  • Enseignement

  • Recherche

  • Publications

  • Conférences

Contrat principal

Professeur HES associé

Bureau: HEIA_B40.11

Haute école d'ingénierie et d'architecture de Fribourg
Boulevard de Pérolles 80, 1700 Fribourg, CH
HEIA-FR
BA HES-SO en Architecture - Haute école d'ingénierie et d'architecture de Fribourg
  • Physique du bâtiment
  • Base de physique pour architectes
  • Développement durable

En cours

DEMO-MI2

Rôle: Co-requérant(s)

Description du projet :

L'objet du projet Démo-Mi2 est la conception, la réalisation puis l'expérimentation d'un démonstrateur mobile fonctionnant comme un microclimat à des fins scientifiques, éducatives et de sensibilisation, face au défit des îlots de chaleur urbains. Ce pavillon climatique, conçu par les instituts ENERGY et TRANSFORM de la Haute école d'ingénierie et d'architecture de Fribourg (HEIA-FR), est ouvert à la population et monté successivement sur quatre emplacements du centre-ville de Fribourg, à commencer par le site de blueFACTORY.

Equipe de recherche au sein de la HES-SO: Compagnon Raphaël , Vonlanthen Marc , Taillebois Jean-Michaël

Durée du projet: 17.08.2020 - 17.11.2021

Archivage des données: https://uhi.smartlivinglab.ch

Url du site du projet: https://www.smartlivinglab.ch/fr/projects/demo-mi2/

Statut: En cours

2023

Un îlot de fraîcheur dans l'espace public :
Article professionnel ArODES
expérimentation et intention didactique

Raphaël Compagnon, Jean-Michaël Taillebois

Tracés,  2023, vol. 3528, pp. 36-39

Lien vers la publication

Résumé:

Comment explorer les mécanismes à l’œuvre pour lutter contre les îlots de chaleur? Conçu à la HEIA-FR, le pavillon DEMO-MI2 a été pensé aussi bien comme dispositif expérimental low-tech à l’attention des professionnel·les que comme démonstrateur visant le grand public et sa perception du phénomène.

2018

Sky view factor as predictor of solar availability on building façades
Article scientifique ArODES

Christina Chatzipoulka, Raphaël Compagnon, Jérôme Kaempf, Marialena Nikolopoulou

Solar Energy,  2018, vol. 170, pp. 1026-1038

Lien vers la publication

Résumé:

Solar availability on urban façades varies significantly, affected by obstructions by nearby buildings as well as orientation. A convenient way to evaluate their solar energy potential is deemed to facilitate the task of architects in increasing the use of photovoltaic systems and, thus solar energy generation in the urban environment. This study explores to what extent the sky view factor (SVF), a measure of the openness of a point to the sky, can be employed for evaluating solar irradiation of façades in complex urban scenes. For this purpose, extensive statistical analysis was performed testing the correlation of SVF with solar irradiances for 30 orientations, considering three European climates (i.e. Athens, London and Helsinki), and three periods (i.e. year, January and July). Special emphasis is put on global irradiance, which expresses the sum of three solar components, i.e. direct, diffuse and reflected. The study uses 24 urban forms - of 500 × 500 m area - in London for which SVF and solar irradiance simulations were performed for nine sky models (three locations by three periods). The results reveal a strong linear relationship (R2 > 0.8) between SVF and annual global irradiance in all orientations, at all three locations. In fact, as SVF was found to correlate well with both major solar components, direct and diffuse, it can be presumably used for predicting façades' annual solar irradiation at any location within the tested range of latitudes. With respect to monthly global irradiance, the relationship appears less consistent, affected by the increased sensitivity of the relationship of SVF with monthly direct irradiance to façade orientation and location's latitude, associated with the variations of solar altitude.behaviors, in the current and future climatic scenario.

2016

Urban geometry and solar availability on façades and ground of real urban forms :
Article scientifique ArODES
using London as a case study

Christina Chatzipoulka, Raphaël Compagnon, Marialena Nikolopoulou

Solar Energy,  2016, vol. 138, pp. 53-66

Lien vers la publication

Résumé:

Availability of solar radiation in the urban environment is determined to a great extent by urban geometry, namely how densely built-up an area is and how the given built volume is distributed spatially within the site. This paper explores relationships between urban geometry and solar availability on building façades and at the pedestrian level, with implications for buildings’ passive potential and outdoor thermal comfort, respectively. The study was based on the morphological and solar analysis of 24 urban forms of London, covering a wide range of built density values found across the city. Two aspects of solar availability were investigated at the neighbourhood scale, through statistical analysis: (i) the relationships between urban geometry variables and solar availability indicators in different time periods, and (ii) the seasonal solar performance of urban forms’ façades and ground. Apart from the strong, negative effect of density, the analysis revealed that solar availability on ground and façades is significantly affected by urban layout. Mean outdoor distance, site coverage, directionality and complexity were the most influential for the solar performance of open spaces; while building façades were mostly affected by complexity, standard deviation of building height and directionality. However, direct solar irradiance on ground and façades was found to be influenced by different variables in January and July, which is attributed to the different solar altitude angles. Related to that, urban forms have been identified that present higher irradiance values in January and lower in June when compared to others. Considering temperate climates, these examples highlight the potential for enhancing the seasonal solar performance of existing and future urban developments. Finally, the seasonal effect on solar availability appears to be much more pronounced for ground with its mean direct irradiance value increasing on average by a factor 15, from January to July, while for façades the increase is only by a factor 2.6.

2021

A comparative study of simulation tools to model the solar irradiation on building façades
Conférence ArODES

Martin Thebault, Benjamin Govehovitch, Karine Bouty, Cyril Caliot, Raphaël Compagnon, Gilles Desthieux, Matteo Formolli, Stéphanie Giroux-Julien, Victor Guillot, Ellis Herman, Jérôme H. Kämpf, Jouri Kanters, Gabriele Lobaccaro, Christophe Ménézo, Giuseppe Peronato, Arnkell Jonas Peteresen

Proceedings of the ISES SWC 2021 Solar world congress, 25-29 october 2021, virtual conference

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

This paper presents a comparison among eight tools commonly used to evaluate the solar irradiation in urban environments. The focus is on the vertical surfaces (i.e., façades). The analysed tools have a large range of applications, from detailed microclimate studies to large-scale irradiation modelling. The benchmark tests consist of simulations using two conceptual urban designs. Two representative winter and summer days are defined. The results, obtained for the modelling of the shortwave irradiance received on the façades, are discussed together with the observed differences. This work provides an overview of some of the available tools, their features, similarities, and differences as well as a comparison of the modelled solar irradiation. This work is conducted in the framework of IEA SHC Task 63 “Solar Neighborhood Planning” where experts from five countries, in six universities, two companies and one research institute have been engaged.

2018

A simple tool for assessing solar and daylight access in urban canyons
Conférence ArODES

Raphaël Compagnon, Christina Chatzipoulka

Proceedings of EuroSun 2018 : 12th International Conference on Solar Energy and Buildings, 10 - 13 September 2018, Rapperswil, Switzerland

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

A new online tool to assess solar and daylight access over the surfaces enclosing an urban canyon (i.e. building façades and street) is presented. From a limited series of parameters, users can easily describe the orientation and geometry of an urban canyon and precisely define an area of interest for which the calculations have to be performed. By implementing an original calculation method based on stereographic pictures, this tool aims both to demonstrate its capabilities and to serve for architectural and urban planning educational purposes. Its main advantage is that, beside providing numerical indicators (e.g. solar exposure, solar irradiation, sky view factor, daylight sky component) that can take inter-reflections into account, it also allows to visually interpret the results in a rather intuitive manner. The calculation method is available as an open source software package. It can serve to assess solar and daylight access in more complex urban forms.

An image-based method to evaluate solar and daylight potential in urban areas
Conférence ArODES

Christina Chatzipoulka, Raphaël Compagnon, Jérôme Kaempf

Proceedings of the Symposium on Simulation for Architecture and Urban Design, 4-7 june 2018, Delft, The Netherlands

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

Solar irradiance and illuminance are important renewable resources that can significantly increase buildings’ energy efficiency, associated to solar passive and active techniques and use of daylighting. In addition, it is widely acknowledged that the presence of natural light and some sunlight indoors is essential for inhabitants’ well-being. This paper presents a new method to assess solar and daylight availability in the built environment at different scales. The method is based on two types of images where the mutual obstruction between neighbouring buildings is represented over stereographic projections of the sky vault. The images can be used in two ways, either for the visual assessment of the examined surface(s) or, to be processed as to obtain a series of numeric performance indicators. In both ways, they can be combined with similar projections of the sun path or sky radiance/luminance distributions, for considering locations’ latitude and climate, respectively. To exemplify the use and relevance of the tools, especially at the early-design stages, the method is applied to compare the proposals submitted in a masterplan competition. The five finalists are examined in relation to the performance of their fac¸ades and roofs, as well as their impact on an existing fac¸ade. Last, a targeted analysis showed a good correlation between performance indicators, readily computed by the method, and predicted annual energy demands.

2017

Sky view factor as predictor of solar availability on building façades :
Conférence ArODES
using the case of London

Christina Chatzipoulka, Raphaël Compagnon, Marialena Nikolopoulou

Proceedings of PLEA2017, 33rd PLEA International Conference, 2-5 July 2017, Edinburgh, UK, Passive and Low Energy Architecture

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

Sky view factor (SVF) measures the openness of a point to the sky vault and as such, has been widely used in urban climatology and environmental design studies associated to various phenomena, including Urban Heat Island intensity and daylight availability. This study examines to what extent SVF can be also employed for predicting solar availability in the urban environment, with emphasis on building façades. SVF and solar irradiance simulations were performed for vertical façades in 24 urban forms -of 500x500m areain London; mean values were computed by urban form, and by façade orientation, considering 30 orientations at 12° azimuth intervals. The statistical analysis reveals a strong linear relationship (R2 >0.8) between SVF and annual global irradiance for all orientations. The models derived from linear regression tests were integrated into a graphical tool for predicting annual global irradiance on a façade in London as a function of its SVF and azimuth angle. Furthermore, the fact that SVF was found to correlate well with both major components of solar irradiation, namely direct and sky diffused irradiances, indicates that it can be used for predicting annual solar availability at latitudes similar to London, even for sunnier climates.

2015

Assessing daylight and sunlight access in the built environment :
Conférence ArODES
a new tool for planners and designers

Raphaël Compagnon, Giulio Antonutto, Paula Longato, Alexander Rotsch

Proceedings of PLEA 31st Conference, Architecture in (R)Evolution PLEA2015, 9-11 September 2015, Bologna, Italy

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

The need for densification in cities creates a challenge for designers and policy makers in order to provide sufficient access to daylight and sunlight to buildings and to the open public spaces in-between. Guidance and policies should provide site specific recommendations and targets to designers and developers to allow for an optimal dimensioning of the massing for new development. This guidance should be based on the local climate and specific to the site. At the core of this guidance should be an objective method of assessment based on climatic data with flexible targets. The proposed method is based on “multishading masks” (Fig. 1) or “effective envelope area pictures” which are two different ways of “mapping” the visibility between buildings’ envelope or the open spaces and the sky vault. These are later processed to compute a set of quality indicators that can be used to compare proposed massing configurations and select the most efficient ones. Some of these indicators such as the Sky Component are independent from the site while others such as the Potential or Actual Sunlight Exposure are latitude or site specific respectively.

Comparing the solar performance of urban forms in London
Conférence ArODES

Christina Chatzipoulka, Raphaël Compagnon, Marialena Nikolopoulou

Proceedings of PLEA 31st Conference, Architecture in (R)Evolution PLEA2015, 9-11 September 2015, Bologna, Italy

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

The paper explores the impact of urban geometry on solar availability in twenty-four urban forms of London. The morphological analysis of the urban forms was based on their digital elevation models (DEMs), for which density and six urban form descriptors were computed using image processing techniques. Solar radiation and mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) simulations were performed using PPF and SOLWEIG softwares, respectively. The statistical elaboration of the results reveals a strong correlation (r>-0.950) between density and mean ground and façades sky view factor (SVF) values. Furthermore, among the urban form descriptors considered, mean outdoor distance, site coverage and frontal area density were the most influential for the solar performance of open spaces; whilst solar availability on building façades was mostly affected by frontal area density and standard deviation of building height. The influence of the orientation of urban forms was found to vary with the sun’s altitude: the lower the altitude, the greater the influence. The seasonal performance of the urban forms in enhancing outdoor thermal comfort was evaluated through solar availability and Tmrt in open spaces. According to the climatic data of London, for 87.5% of daytime hours solar radiation would enhance outdoor thermal comfort. In this context, urban forms of lower density perform in general better allowing more solar radiation on the ground. However, as increased density is an objective for urban environmental sustainability, design solutions for enhancing solar availability in high/medium densities were explored. According to the findings, some general guidelines can be identified: i) lower coverage (and thus taller buildings) is preferable, ii) building forms should be designed with minimum undulations and iii) vertical and horizontal randomness is beneficial.

2013

Multishading masks :
Conférence ArODES
a new method for assessing solar penetration in open spaces

Raphaël Compagnon, Joëlle Goyette Pernot

Proceedings of the 29th Conference, Sustainable Architecture for a Renewable Future (PLEA 2013), 10-12 September 2013, Munich, Germany

Lien vers la conférence

Résumé:

So called “multishading masks” are obtained by combining together several shading masks computed for a series of sample points uniformly distributed over the open space under study. By superimposing these “multishading masks” with common sun-path diagrams, it is possible to assess which area fraction of an open space is exposed to sunlight during the different seasons and to verify if additional shading elements (e.g. trees) can improve users’s satisfaction. When combined with sky radiance distributions, the same “multishading masks” can also be used to quantify irradiance levels reaching open spaces.

Réalisations

Médias et communication
Nous contacter
Suivez la HES-SO
linkedin instagram facebook twitter youtube rss
univ-unita.eu www.eua.be swissuniversities.ch
Mentions légales
© 2021 - HES-SO.

HES-SO Rectorat